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那些因素会导致焊接方管变形?怎么预防

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那些因素会导致焊接方管变形?怎么预防

文章出处:人气:124发表时间:2019/11/14 10:10:01

焊接方管变形主要是焊缝收缩力大于母材强度造成的。着色探伤法基本上和荧光探伤法相类似,所不同的是用显象剂来显示焊接方管缺陷的图象。着色探伤法的原理是利用毛细管渗透吸附现象来实现的。检验时,先将焊接方管表面用清洗剂洗净、除去尘土、油污、氧化物及其它影响渗透的脏物。然后,将焊接方管浸没在渗透剂中,或将渗透剂涂抹(或喷涂)在所需探伤的部位上。如果方管焊缝表面有缺陷存在时,那末渗透剂便会渗透到缺陷中去。其后,将焊接方管焊缝表面的渗透剂擦拭干净或洗净,但在缺陷缝隙内仍会有渗透剂存在。均匀地涂上显象剂,这样就会把表面缺陷里的渗透剂吸附出来,从而在白色的显象剂底层上显示出红色的缺陷图象。

The deformation of welded square pipe is mainly caused by the shrinkage force of weld seam greater than the strength of base metal. Coloring method is basically similar to fluorescence method, but the difference is that the image of welding square tube defect is displayed by imaging agent. The principle of colouring flaw detection is realized by capillary osmotic adsorption. During inspection, the surface of the welded square pipe should be cleaned with detergent to remove dust, oil, oxides and other dirt affecting penetration. Then, the welded square pipe is immersed in the penetrant, or the penetrant is smeared (or sprayed) on the required flaw detection site. If there is a defect on the surface of square pipe weld, the penetrant will penetrate into the defect. Thereafter, the penetrant on the weld surface of the welded square pipe will be wiped clean or washed, but there will still be penetrant in the defect gap. Apply the developer evenly, so that the penetrant in the surface defect can be adsorbed out, so that the red defect image can be displayed on the bottom of the white developer.

这种方法可以检验钢、铜、铝等金属零件或焊接方管焊缝的表面缺陷,不受不锈钢管的性能、形状、尺寸的限制。探伤时操作简便、经济,不需要专用的设备和装置,可在无水、无电的高空或野外场所作业。对于大型不锈钢焊接方管的局部检验,或返修处焊补后的重复检验特别适用。着色探伤法在机车车辆上应用也较多,例如内燃机车柴油机上进、排气门堆焊层等的检验。

This method can be used to inspect the surface defects of metal parts such as steel, copper and aluminum or welded square pipes, which are not limited by the properties, shape and size of stainless steel pipes. It is easy to operate and economical in flaw detection. It does not need special equipment and equipment. It can work in high altitude or field without water or electricity. It is especially suitable for local inspection of large stainless steel square welded pipes or repeated inspection after repair. Coloring flaw detection method is also widely used in locomotives and vehicles, such as inspection of inlet and exhaust valve surfacing layers of diesel locomotives.

1、只有单面一条焊缝的,采用从中部开始分段退焊,即:第二段焊缝收弧在第一段起弧处。

1. If there is only one weld on one side, the second weld is retracted from the middle, i.e. the first arc is retracted from the second weld.

2、采取较小的焊接线能量,(焊接线能量与电流大小成正比,而与焊接速度成反),即:用较小焊接电流、较快的焊速。

2. Take a smaller welding line energy (welding line energy is proportional to the current, but inverse to the welding speed), that is, use a smaller welding current, faster welding speed.

3、有对称的两条、四条焊缝的,从一端开始焊,采用对称越前法两条交错焊。比方:第一次焊150mm长仃止,再焊对称方300mm,越过前面150mm,随后每次焊300mm,就每次越过150mm。

3. If there are two or four symmetrical welds, they should be welded from one end, and two staggered welds with symmetrical advance method are adopted. For example, the first welding is 150 mm long, then 300 mm symmetrical, crossing the front 150 mm, then 300 mm each time, crossing 150 mm each time.